PREAMBLE OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION

INTRODUCTION

• Inroduction of Constitution,Philosophy and objectives.
• It presents the intention of its framers, the history behind its creation, and the core values and principles of the nation.

The preamble basically gives idea of the following things/objects:

1. Source of the Constitution
2. Nature of Indian State
3. Statement of its objectives
4. Date of its adoption

1.Source of Indian Constitution

• We, the people of India: It indicates the ultimate sovereignty of the people of India. Sovereignty means the independent authority of the State, not being subject to the control of any other State or external power.

2.Nature of the Indian Constitution:

Sovereign:

The term means that India has its own independent authority and it is not a dominion of any other external power. In the country, the legislature has the power to make laws which are subject to certain limitations.

Socialist:

The term means the achievement of socialist ends through democratic means. It holds faith in a mixed economy where both private and public sectors co-exist side by side. It was added in the Preamble by 42nd Amendment, 1976.

Secular:

The term means that all the religions in India get equal respect, protection and support from the state. It was incorporated in the Preamble by 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976.

Democratic:

The term implies that the Constitution of India has an established form of Constitution which gets its authority from the will of the people expressed in an election.

Republic: 

The term indicates that the head of the state is elected by the people. In India, the President of India is the elected head of the state.

3.Objectives of the Indian Constitution

Justice: 

• It is necessary to maintain order in society that is promised through various provisions of Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy provided by the Constitution of India. It comprises three elements, which is social, economic, and political.
• Social Justice – Social justice means that the Constitution wants to create a society without discrimination on any grounds like caste, creed, gender, religion, etc.
• Economic Justice – Economic Justice means no discrimination can be caused by people on the basis of their wealth, income, and economic status. Every person must be paid equally for an equal position and all people must get opportunities to earn for their living.
• Political Justice – Political Justice means all the people have an equal, free and fair right without any discrimination to participate in political opportunities.

Equality: 

The term ‘Equality’ means no section of society has any special privileges and all the people have given equal opportunities for everything without any discriminations. Everyone is equal before the law.

Liberty: 

The term ‘Liberty’ means freedom for the people to choose their way of life, have political views and behavior in society. Liberty does not mean freedom to do anything, a person can do anything but in the limit set by the law.

Fraternity: 

The term ‘Fraternity’ means a feeling of brotherhood and an emotional attachment with the country and all the people. Fraternity helps to promote dignity and unity in the nation.

4.Date of Adoption

        26^th November 1949- date of Adoption

        26^th January 1950 – date of Enforcement

Amendability of Preamble

Related Case	Part of Preamble/Not	Amendable/not
Berubari Union Case,1960	No	No
Kesavananda Bharati Case 1973	Yes	Yes
LIC Case 1995	Integral part	yes

• 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act Added three words in preamble – Socialism, Secular, Integrity.