Indus Valley Civilisation Sites
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Features
- Time Period: BC. 2700- BC.1900
- Location: On the valleys of river Indus.
- Also known as Harappan Civilization.
- Beginning of city life.
- Harappan Sites discovered by – Dayaram Sahni (1921) – Montgomery district, Punjab, Pakistan.
- Mohanjodaro was discovered by – R. D. Banerji – Larkana district, Sind, Pakistan.
- Town Planning : The city was divided into Citadel(west) and Lower Town(east).
- Red pottery painted with designs in black.
- Stone weights, seals, special beads, copper tools, long stone blades etc.
- Copper, bronze, silver, gold present,Artificially produced – Faience.
- Specialists for handicrafts.
- Plough was used.
| Site No | IVC Sites | Archealogical Discoveries |
| 1 | Harappa | Seals out of stonesCitadel outside on banks of river Ravi |
| 2 | Mohenjodaro | Great Bath, Great Granary, Dancing Girl, Man with Beard, Cotton, Assembly hallThe term means ” Mount of the dead”On the bank of river IndusBelieved to have been destructed by flood or invasion(Destruction was not gradual). |
| 3 | Chanhudaro | Bank of Indus river. –Discovered by Gopal Majumdar and Mackey (1931)Pre-Harappan culture – Jhangar Culture and Jhukar CultureOnly cite without citadel.Bead makers shop and footprint of a dog chasing a cat. |
| 4 | Kalibangan | At Rajasthan on the banks of river Ghaggar, discovered by A.Ghosh (1953)Fire AltarsBones of camelEvidence of furrowsHorse remains ( even though Indus valley people didn’t use horses).Known as the third capital of the Indus Empire. |
| 5 | Lothal | At Gujarat near Bhogava river, discovered by S.R. Rao (1957)Fire AltarsBesides the tributary of SabarmatiStorehouseDockyard and earliest portDouble burialRice huskHouse had a front entrance (exception). |
| 6 | Ropar | Punjab, on the banks of river Sutlej. Discovered by Y.D Sharma (1955)Dog buried with humans. |
| 7 | Banawali | HaryanaOn banks of lost river SaraswathiEvidence of both pre-Harappan and Harappan cultureBeads and Barley.Barley Cultivation. |
| 8 | Dholavira | The biggest site in India, until the discovery of Rakhigarhi.Located in Khadir Beyt, Rann of Kutch, Gujarat. Discovered by J.P Joshi/Rabindra Singh (1990)3 parts + large open area for ceremoniesLarge letters of the Harappan script (signboards).Water harnessing system and Water reservoir. |
| 9 | Sutkagendor | BalochistanTrade point between Harappa and Babylon |
| 10 | Amri | Antelope evidence |
| 12 | Surkotada | Bead and Bones of horses. |
Important Sites of Indus Valley Civilization and its Location
| Site | Location | River Bank |
| Harappa | Montegomari, Punjab (Pakistan) | Ravi |
| Mohenjodaro | Larkana, Sindh (Pakistan) | Indus |
| Suktagendor | Baluchistan (Pakistan) | Dashta |
| Chanhudaro | Sindh (Pakistan) | Indus |
| Rangpur | Ahmedabad (India) | Meedar |
| Kalibangan | Ganganagar (Rajasthan) | Ghaggar |
| Lothal | Ahmedabad | Sabarmati & Bhogva |
| Banawali | Hissar (Haryana) | Saraswati |
| Amri | Sindh and Baluchistan | Indus |
| Dholavira | Gujarat | Luni |
