G20
G20
G20
The G20 is an informal group of 19 countries and the European Union, with representatives of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
The G20 membership comprises a mix of the world’s largest advanced and emerging economies, Together, the G20 members represent more than 80% of world GDP, 75% of international trade and 60% of the world population.
The members of the G20 are
- USA, Canada, Mexico;
- Argentina, Brazil;
- EU, Germany, France, UK, Italy;
- South Africa, Saudi Arabia and Turkey;
- India; Indonesia; Australia;
- Russia, China, South Korea and Japan.
It does not have any permanent secretariat or headquarters.
The G20 Summit is formally known as the “Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy”.
Presidency:
The group has no permanent staff of its own, so every year in December, a G20 country from a rotating region takes on the presidency.
That country is then responsible for organising the next summit, as well as smaller meetings for the coming year.
They can also choose to invite non-member countries along as guests.
The first G20 meeting took place in Berlin in 1999, after a financial crisis in East Asia affected many countries around the world.
How G20 Works?
The work of G20 is divided into two tracks:
The finance track comprises all meetings with G20 finance ministers and central bank governors and their deputies. Meeting several times throughout the year they focus on monetary and fiscal issues, financial regulations, etc.
The Sherpa track focuses on broader issues such as political engagement, anti-corruption, development, energy, etc.
Strengths/Achievements of G20
Flexible:
Inclusive:
Coordinated action:
Better Communication: G20 bring World’s top developed and developing countries together to bring consensus and reasoning into decision making through discussion.
Challenges Faced by G20
No Enforcement mechanism:
Not legally binding:
Polarisation of Interests
Way Forward
The G20 cannot be a panacea for the world’s problems. But over the past 10 years, the G20 has been an important forum for international cooperation. Effective global governance, like the G20, is essential as rising powers seek opportunities to influence and contribute to the global order.
Daily Current Affairs Youtube Link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YN9u-ID91NQ&list=PLFQ–K7iykf0dddxAMwciYGUyDiZqAk8n&index=35