● Set up in 2004, the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERTIn) is the national nodal agency that collects, analyses and circulates inputs on cyberattacks; issues guidelines, advisories for preventive measures, forecasts and issues alerts; and takes measures to handle any significant cyber security event.

● It also imparts training to computer system managers.

● National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre has been set up for the protection of national critical information infrastructure.

● According to the government, the Cyber Swachhta Kendra (Botnet Cleaning and Malware Analysis Centre) has been launched for detection of malicious software programmes and to provide free tools to remove the same, while the National Cyber Coordination Centre works on creating awareness about existing and potential threats.

● CERT-In was established in 2004 as a functional organization of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.

● Functions: The Information Technology (Amendment) Act 2008 designated CERT-In to serve as the national agency to perform the following functions in the area of cyber security:

● Collection, analysis and dissemination of information on cyber incidents.

● Forecast and alerts of cyber security incidents

● Emergency measures for handling cyber security incidents

● Coordination of cyber incident response activities.

● Issue guidelines, advisories, vulnerability notes and whitepapers relating to Information

● security practices, procedures, prevention, response and reporting of cyber incidents.

● Such other functions relating to cyber security as may be prescribed.