Important Articles in Indian Constitution

Part 1- Union and Its Territories (Article 1 – Article 4)

Article 1 – Name and territory of the union

Article 2 – Admission and establishment of the new state

Article 3 – Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries, and name of existing states

Part 2- Citizenship (Article 5 – Article 11)

Article 5 – Citizenship at the commencement of the constitution

Article 6 – Rights of citizenship of a certain person who has migrated to India from Pakistan

Article 10 – Continuance of rights of citizenship

Article 11 – Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law

Part 3- Fundamental Rights(Article 12 – Article 35)

Article 12 – Definition of the state

Article 13 – Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights

I.Right to Equality: Article 14 to Article 18

Article 14 – Equality before the law

Article 15 – Prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth

Article 16 – Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment

Article 17 – Abolition of the untouchability

Article 18 – Abolition of titles

 II.Right to Freedom: Article 19 to Article 22

Article 19 – Guarantees the six rights to citizens of India

• Freedom of speech and expression
• Freedom to assemble peaceably and without arms
• Freedom to form associations or unions
• Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India
• Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India
• Freedom to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business

 Article 20 – Protection in respect of conviction for offenses

Article 21 – Protection of life and personal liberty

Article 22 – Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases

III.Right to Exploitation: Article 23 to Article 24

Article 23 – Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor

Article 24 – Prohibition of employment of children (Under the age of 14) in factories and mines

IV.Right to Exploitation: Article 25 to Article 28

Article 25 – Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion

Article 26 – Freedom to manage religious affairs

Article 27 – Freedom as to pay taxes for promotion of any particular religion

Article 28 – Freedom from attending religious instruction

V.Cultural and Educational Rights: Article 29 to Article 30

Article 29 – Protection of interest of minorities

Article 30 – Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions

VI.Right to Constitutional Remedies: Article 32

Article 32 – Remedies for enforcement of Fundamental Rights

Part 4-Directive Principal of States Policy: (Article 36 – 51)

Article 36 – Definition

Article 37 – Application of DPSP

Article 39A – Equal justice and free legal aid

Article 40 – Organization of a village panchayat

Article 41 – Right to work, to education, and to public assistance in certain cases

Article 43 – Living Wages, etc. for Workers

Article 43A – Participation of workers in management of industries

Article 44 – Uniform civil code ( applicable in Goa only)

Article 45 – Provision for free and compulsory education for children

Article 46 – Promotion of educational and economic interest of scheduled castes, ST, and OBC

Article 47 – Duty of the state to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health

Article 48 – Organization of agriculture and animal husbandry

Article 49 – Protection of monuments and places and objects of natural importance

Article 50 – Separation of judiciary from the executive

Article 51 – Promotion of international peace and security

Part 4A -Fundamental Duties: (Article 51A)

Article 51A- Earlier there were 10 Fundamental Duties but after 86th Amendment Act 2002 it became 11 Duties.

Part 5 Union: (Article 52 – 151)

Article 52 – The President of India

Article 53 – Executive Power of the union

Article 54 – Election of President

Article 61 – Procedure for Impeachment of the President

Article 63 – The Vice-president of India

Article 64 – The Vice-President to be ex-officio chairman the council of States

Article 66 – Election of Vice-president

Article 72 – Pardoning powers of President

Article 74 – Council of ministers to aid and advise President

Article 76 – Attorney-General for India

Article 79 – Constitution of Parliament

Article 93 – The speakers and Deputy speakers of the house of the people

Article 105 – Powers, Privileges, etc. of the House of Parliament

Article 109 – Special procedure in respects of money bills

Article 110 – Definition of “Money Bills”

Article 112 – Annual Financial Budget

Article 123 – Powers of the President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of parliament

Article 124 – Establishment of Supreme Court

Article 129 – Supreme Court to be a court of Record

Article 130 – Seat of the Supreme Court

Article 137 – Review of judgment or orders by the Supreme Court

Article 141 – Decision of the Supreme Court binding on all the courts

Article 148 – Comptroller and Auditor- General of India

Article 149 – Duties and Powers of CAG

Part 6-States: (Article 152 – 237)

Article 153 – Governors of State

Article 154 – Executive Powers of Governor

Article 161 – Pardoning powers of the Governor

Article 165 – Advocate-General of the State

Article 213 – Power of Governor to promulgate ordinances

Article 214 – High Courts for states

Article 215 – High Courts to be a court of record

Article 226 – Power of High Courts to issue certain writs

Part 8 – Union Territories: (Article 239 – 242)

Part 9 – Panchayats: (Article 243 – 243O)

Article 243A – Gram Sabha

Article 243B – Constitution of Panchayats

Part 9A Municipalities: (Article 243P – 243ZG)

Co-operative Societies: Article 243ZH – 243ZT (Part 9B)

Part 12-Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits: (Article 264 – 300A )

Article 266 – Consolidated Fund and Public Accounts Fund

Article 267 – Contingency Fund of India

Article 280 – Finance Commission

Article 300-A – Right to property

Part 13-Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the territories of India: (Article 301 – 307)

Article 301 – Freedom to trade, commerce, and intercourse.

Article 302 – Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce, and intercourse.

Part 14-Services Under Center and State: (Article 308 – 323)

Article 312 – All- India-Service.

Article 315 – Public service commissions for the union and for the states

Article 320 – Functions of Public Service Commission.

Part 14A- Tribunals: (Article 323A – 323B)

Article 323A – Administrative Tribunals

Elections: Article 324 – 329 (Part 15)

Article 324 – Superintendence, direction and control of Elections to be vested in an Election Commission.

Article 325 – No person to be ineligible for inclusion in or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste, or sex.

Article 326 – Elections to the house of the people and to the legislative assemblies of states to be on the basis of adult suffrage.

Part 16-Special Provisions to SC, ST, OBC, Minorities etc: (Article 330 – 342)

Article 338 – National Commission for the SC, & ST.

Article 340 – Appointment of a commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes.

Part 17 Official Language: (Article 343 – 351)

Article 343 – Official languages of the Union.

Article 345 – Official languages or languages of states.

Article 348 – Languages to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts.

Article 351 – Directive for development of the Hindi languages.

Part 18- Emergency: (Article 352 – 360)

Article 352 – Proclamation of emergency ( National Emergency).

Article 356 – State Emergency (President’s Rule)

Article 360 – Financial Emergency

Part 20-Amendment of Constitution: (Article 368)

Article 368 – Powers of Parliaments to amend the constitution